Joe Duffy was on the bench for Norwich City's Under-18 clash with Everton on 23rd November 2019. He then made his Under-18s debut in the 4-4 draw with Leicester on 4th January 2020. As a youngster, he was with Costessey Sports and attended Ormiston Victory Academy. He has been capped by England at Under-15 level.

9th August 2020 Norwich announced that six Academy youngsters, including Duffy, had signed with the Club as first-year scholars with the Canaries. He is described as an attacking midfielder.